Language
are the medium of communication. There are several languages developed in
separate environment and geographical conditions for Nepali, Hindi, Doteli,
Newarietc. Similarly, Programming language are set of instruction which are
used to develop the program as well as software. In the simple word programming
language are those languages which are used to develop the different types of
applications which may be system software and application software. For
example:- JAVA, C, C++, CSA, JPS and VB etc. There are five types of
programming language.
- High Level Language(HLL)
- Machine Level Language (MLL)
- Assembly Language
- 4GL Language
Natural
Language
1 . High Level
Language (HLL)
High Level
Language are problem Oriented language. Most of the programs are written in
High Level Language which are quite similar to written English language. So,
they are easier then machine language or low level language. High Level
Language are kind of programming language which are used to developed
difference types of software. For example:- C++, JAVA etc.
Advantage
1. The entire
programs written high level language are machine independent. So, these
programs are portable.
2. The program written in High Level Language is
easier to learn because it is similar to English language.
3. Program in
HLL requires less time to execute as compared to other program.
Disadvantage
- It is most difficult for learner.
- The execution of the program is slower then machine language.
- HLL could not able to understanding by computer hardware. So, we need a translator.
2. Machine Level Language (MLL)
Machine
level languages are written in binary code. Those languages which are written
in form of or combination of o and 1 are known as machine language. This
language easily understands by computer hardware. So, we do not need to
translate into object code because it is itself in 0 and 1.
Advantages:
i.
It is written in form of 0 and 1 so it is easy to understand by
computer hardware.
ii.
It does not take time for execution.
Disadvantages
i.
It is difficult for understand and develop a program using machine
language.
ii.
It is machine oriented language.
iii.
Debugging is difficult.
3. Assembly
Language (Low Level Language)
Assembly
languages are those languages which are written mnemonic code is used as
instruction and it is a symbolic instruction because it uses the different
symbols to write the program. These languages do not understand by computer
hardware so, we need to translate this language by the help of Assembler. Most
of the viruses are developing by using assembly language. This language uses
mnemonic codes like ADD for addition, SUB for subtraction, MUL for multiplication,
LDA for lower accumulator, SAP for store accumulator.
Advantages:
i.
Assembly language is easy to understand by computer because
mnemonic codes are used in this language.
ii.
Assembly language used assembler to translate it into machine code
instructions.
iii.
Assembly language takes a minimum time to translate into machine
code.
Disadvantage
i.
This language uses some mnemonic codes which are difficult to
understand by programmer.
ii.
Most of the viruses developing by using assembly language.
iii.
It is most difficult language rather than other language.
4. 4GL Language
4GL stands
fourth generation language it is basically used to develop the database, DBMS
(Database Management System), RDBMS (Relational Database management System). It
is one step ahead than high level language. These are result oriented included
obtained query. This programming language can't able to understand by computer
hardware so; we need to translate this language by the help of compilers as
well as interpreters.
Advantages
i.
It is a non procedural programming language.
ii.
It is an event-driven programming language.
iii.
It is defines what processing must be done on data.
iv.
Define the input data and validation check.
Disadvantage
i.
This programming codes are very lengthy s, it takes more time.
ii.
It is non procedural language so, it difficult to compile.
5. Natural
Language
Natural
languages are those languages which are basically used to communicate with
computer. These languages are used to feed the data, instruction to the
computer. For example: Nepali, Hindi, Doteli, English etc.
Advantage
i.
It is easy to understand by the user.
ii.
Compilers are easily translates this language into machine code
instructions.
Disadvantage
i.
Computer hardware is not able to understand natural language etc.
